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Arctotheca populifolia (P.J.Bergius) Norl.
Dune Arctotheca

Reference
Aquilo Ser. Bot. 6:84-85 (1967)
Conservation Code
Not threatened
Naturalised Status
Alien to Western Australia
Name Status
Current

Decumbent, woolly perennial, herb, to 0.3 m high, leaves ovate, grey, fleshy. Fl. yellow, Jun to Dec or Jan. White sand. Coastal foredunes.

Amanda Spooner, Descriptive Catalogue, 18 April 1997
Image

Distribution

IBRA Regions
Esperance Plains, Geraldton Sandplains, Hampton, Jarrah Forest, Mallee, Swan Coastal Plain, Warren.
IBRA Subregions
Fitzgerald, Geraldton Hills, Hampton, Perth, Recherche, Southern Jarrah Forest, Warren, Western Mallee.
IMCRA Regions
Central West Coast, Eucla, Leeuwin-Naturaliste, WA South Coast.
Local Government Areas (LGAs)
Albany, Augusta Margaret River, Bunbury, Dandaragan, Denmark, Dundas, Esperance, Greater Geraldton, Jerramungup, Mandurah, Manjimup, Plantagenet, Ravensthorpe, Wanneroo.

Management Notes (for the Swan NRM Region)

Alternative Names. Beach Pumpkin, Seepampoen.

General Biology. Growth form. Herb. Life form. Perennial. Reproduction. Seed. Dispersal. Wind, soil, garden waste. Seedbank persistence. Short-medium term.

Notes. Rapidly growing pioneer species that prefers newly exposed margins of coastal dunes. May increase biomass on coastal dunes, threaten native plant diversity and shorebird nesting habitats and alter coastal processes. Has a leaf hair-layer important for reducing transmitted UV and transpiration rates. Pollinated by a range of bees and flies. Seeds are non-dormant, generally wind-dispersed, can remain viable in salt or fresh water and be dispersed by ocean currents.

Additional information. Origin. South Africa. Similar exotic species. Arctotheca calendula.

Suggested method of management and control. Difficult to hand pull and resistant to chemicals. Try Lontrel® 10 ml/10 L (500 ml/ha) + Pulse® in early growth stages, otherwise glyphosate 1% will provide control at all growth stages. Read the manufacturers' labels and material safety data sheets before using herbicides. For further information consult the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority to determine the status of permits for your situation or state.

Management Calendar

Calendar Type Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Comments
Active Growth           Y Y Y Y Y      
Germination         U U U U          
Flowering Y         Y Y Y Y Y Y Y  
Fruiting Y Y             Y Y Y Y  
Optimum Treatment           Y Y Y Y        

Legend: Y = Yes, regularly, O = Occasionally, U = Uncertain, referred by others but not confirmed.

 

References

  • Baker, M. (2007) Tasweeds: Beachdaisy. URL: http://www.tasweeds.org/pdf/Arctotheca%20populifolia.pdf - Accessed August 2010.
  • Brown, K. & Brooks, K. (2002) Bushland Weeds: A Practical Guide to their Management. Environmental Weeds Action Network, Greenwood.
  • Dixon, B. & Keighery, G. (1995) Weeds and their control. In Managing Perths bushlands (eds. M. Scheltema and J. Harris). Greening Western Australia, Perth.
  • Elliott, B.L., Kerley, G.I.H. & McLachlan, A. (2000) Patterns of development and succession of vegetated hummocks in slacks of the Alexandria coastal dune field, South Africa. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 6 (1): 79-88.
  • Hicks, P.J. (1982) Salt and mineral nutrient levels in fruits of two strand species, Cakile maritima and Arctotheca populifolia, with special reference to the effect of salt on the germination of Cakile. Annals of Botany, 50: 335-343.
  • Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Dodd, J., Lloyd, S.G. & Cousens, R.D. (2007) Western Weeds. A guide to the weeds of Western Australia. 2nd Edition. The Plant Protection Society of Western Australia, Victoria Park.
  • Knevel, I.C., Venema, H.G. & Lubke, R.A. (2002) The search for indigenous dune stabilizers: Germination requirements of selected South African species. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 8 (2): 169-178.
  • Mnengwane, J. & Koekemoer, J. (2007) Arctotheca populifolia (Bergius) Norlindh. National Herbarium, Pretoria URL: http://www.plantzafrica.com/ - Accessed August 2010. South African National Biodiversity Institute.
  • Moore, C.B. & Moore, J.H. (2002) Herbiguide, the pesticide expert on a disk. Herbiguide, PO Box 44 Albany, Western Australia, 6330.
  • Ripley, B.S. (2002) The ecophysiology of selected coastal dune pioneer plants of the Eastern Cape. PhD thesis, Rhodes University.
  • Ripley, B.S., Pammenter, N.W. & Smith, V.R. (1999) Function of leaf hairs revisited : The hair layer on leaves Arctotheca populifolia reduces photoinhibition, but leads to higher leaf temperatures caused by lower transpiration rates. Journal of Plant Physiology, 155 (1): 78-85.