Erect annual, herb, to 0.7 m high. Red-brown loams or sandy clays, yellow-white or grey-brown sandy loam, brown clay loam, limestone, granite. Undulating sandplains, hills and slopes, valley slopes, creekbeds, saline watercourses.
Beard’s Provinces: Eremaean Province, South-West Province.
IBRA Regions: Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Esperance Plains, Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest, Mallee, Murchison, Swan Coastal Plain, Yalgoo.
IBRA Subregions: Avon Wheatbelt P1, Avon Wheatbelt P2, Eastern Goldfield, Eastern Mallee, Eastern Murchison, Edel, Fitzgerald, Geraldton Hills, Lesueur Sandplain, Northern Jarrah Forest, Perth, Recherche, Southern Cross, Tallering, Western Mallee, Western Murchison.
IMCRA Regions: Central West Coast.
Local Government Areas (LGAs): Beverley, Bruce Rock, Bunbury, Canning, Carnamah, Chapman Valley, Chittering, Coolgardie, Coorow, Corrigin, Cunderdin, Dalwallinu, Dandaragan, Dowerin, Dundas, Esperance, Gingin, Gnowangerup, Goomalling, Greater Geraldton, Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Kellerberrin, Kondinin, Koorda, Kulin, Lake Grace, Melville, Menzies, Merredin, Mingenew, Moora, Morawa, Mount Marshall, Mukinbudin, Mundaring, Narembeen, Nedlands, Northam, Northampton, Nungarin, Perenjori, Perth, Pingelly, Quairading, Ravensthorpe, South Perth, Stirling, Swan, Tammin, Trayning, Vincent, Wagin, Wanneroo, Wongan-Ballidu, Wyalkatchem, Yalgoo, Yilgarn, York.
General Biology. Growth form. Herb. Life form. Annual. Reproduction. Seed. Dispersal. Wind, water, soil movement.
Additional information. Origin. Southern Africa. History of use/introduction. Possibly as an ornamental.
Suggested method of management and control. Hand remove small populations and/or isolated plants prior to flowering. Try spot spraying with glyphosate at 0.5% before flowering. Read the manufacturers' labels and material safety data sheets before using herbicides. For further information consult the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority to determine the status of permits for your situation or state.
| Calendar Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germination | Y | Y | Y | ||||||||||
| Active Growth | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||
| Flowering | Y | Y | Y | ||||||||||
| Fruiting | Y | Y | |||||||||||
| Manual Removal | Y | Y | Y | Y | O | ||||||||
| Herbicide Treatment | O | Y | Y | Y | O |
Legend: Y = Yes, regularly, O = Occasionally, U = Uncertain, referred by others but not confirmed.
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