Ganophyllum Blume

Scientific Description

Family Sapindaceae.

Habit and leaf form. Trees; laticiferous, or non-laticiferous and without coloured juice. Stem internodes solid. To 32 m high. Mesophytic. Leaves alternate (clustered at ends of branches); spiral; petiolate (petiole subterete; leaflets shortly petiolulate); non-sheathing; gland-dotted, or not gland-dotted; compound; pulvinate; pinnate (paripinnate); paripinnate. Lateral leaflets alternate. Leaflets oblong (rarely), or ovate to oblong (or subfalcate); oblique at the base, or rounded at the base (or subacute). Leaf blades leaflet midvein excentric; cross-venulate. Leaves without stipules. Leaf blade margins entire. Leaf anatomy. Hairs absent (fine peltate resinous scales). Extra-floral nectaries absent. Stem anatomy. Secondary thickening developing from a conventional cambial ring, or anomalous.

Reproductive type, pollination. Fertile flowers hermaphrodite and functionally male, or hermaphrodite and functionally female. Unisexual flowers present. Plants polygamodioecious (K). Female flowers with staminodes (small). Male flowers with pistillodes.

Inflorescence and flower features. Flowers aggregated in ‘inflorescences’; in panicles (panicle-like). The terminal inflorescence unit cymose. Inflorescences axillary; branches of the inflorescence raceme-like or with 3–5 flowered cymules, peduncle with fine peltate resinous scales. Flowers pedicellate; bracteate; bracteolate, or ebracteolate; small; regular; cyclic; tricyclic. Free hypanthium absent. Hypogynous disk present; extrastaminal; annular. Perianth sepaline; 5–7; 1 -whorled. Calyx present; 5–7; 1 -whorled; gamosepalous; toothed; imbricate, or valvate; unequal but not bilabiate, or regular; when K5, with the median member posterior. Calyx lobes ovate (to narrowly ovate). Corolla absent. Fertile stamens present, or absent (female flowers). Androecial members definite in number. Androecium 5–7. Androecial sequence not determinable. Androecial members free of the perianth; free of one another; 1 -whorled. Androecium of male-fertile flowers exclusively of fertile stamens. Stamens 5–7; all more or less similar in shape; isomerous with the perianth; round the ovary within the disc; filantherous. Anthers dorsifixed, or basifixed; more or less versatile; dehiscing via longitudinal slits; introrse; tetrasporangiate; appendaged, or unappendaged. The anther appendages apical (by connective extension). Fertile gynoecium present, or absent (male flowers). Gynoecium 2 carpelled. The pistil 2 celled. Carpels reduced in number relative to the perianth. Gynoecium syncarpous; synstylovarious to eu-syncarpous; superior. Ovary plurilocular; 2 locular; sessile. Gynoecium stylate. Styles 1; free, or partially joined; attenuate from the ovary, or from a depression at the top of the ovary; apical. Stigmas 1; 2 - lobed. Placentation axile to basal. Ovules 2 per locule; funicled, or sessile; pendulous, or horizontal, or ascending; non-arillate; hemianatropous, or anatropous, or campylotropous, or amphitropous.

Fruit and seed features. Fruit fleshy; indehiscent; a drupe; 1 celled; 1–2 seeded. Seeds non-endospermic. Cotyledons 2. Embryo curved, or bent, or coiled.

Etymology. From the Greek for "brightness" and "leaf".