Alternative Names. European Sea Rocket.
General Biology. Growth form. Herb. Life
form. Annual. Reproduction. Seed. Dispersal. Wind, sea
water, ship ballasts, tides, sand transport. Seedbank persistence. 2+
years.
Notes. brid.
Additional information. Origin. Northern Africa,
temperate Europe. History of use/introduction. Ship ballast.
Similar exotic species. Cakile edulenta.
Suggested method of management and control. Cakile
establishes in a harsh, highly specialised environment where it displaces few
native taxa. In many situations it is well established and trying to control it
may not be feasible or appropriate. Assess carefully whether it is displacing
native taxa or possibly having other impacts at the site prior to considering
any control program. Manual removal is effective but must be done at least every
8-10 weeks. Ensure material is removed off-site, as once pods are formed, seed
will often mature if plants have been uprooted. Fairly selective control can be
achieved by spot spraying Logran® at 0.5 g/10 L. Wick application with 50%
glyphosate or foliar spraying with 1% glyphosate provides reasonable control and
can be used at flowering to reduce seed set. Read the manufacturers' labels and
material safety data sheets before using herbicides. For further information
consult the Australian
Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority to determine the status of
permits for your situation or state.
Management Calendar
Calendar Type |
Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
Comments |
Germination |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
Y |
Y |
Y |
O |
Germinates after rain |
Active Growth |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
O |
|
Flowering |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Can flower all year |
Fruiting |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
|
Optimum Treatment |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
O |
|
Legend: Y = Yes, regularly,
O = Occasionally, U =
Uncertain, referred by others but not confirmed.
References
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Cakile maritima. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club,
97 (1): 13-22.
- Bock, C.H. (2008) The effect of Alternaria brassicicola infection
on the reproductive fitness of the naturally occurring littoral ruderals
Cakile maritima and C. edentula. Australasian Plant
Pathology, 37 (6): 569–580.
- Brown, K. & Brooks, K. (2002) Bushland Weeds: A Practical Guide to
their Management. Environmental Weeds Action Network, Greenwood.
- Cordazzo, C.V. (2006) Seed characteristics and dispersal of dimorphic fruit
segments of Cakile maritima Scopoli (Brassicaceae) population of
southern Brazilian coastal dunes. Revista Brasil, 29
(2): 259-265.
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British Isles: Cakile maritima Scop. Journal of Ecology,
94 (3): 695-711.
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effects on germination, growth and seed production of the halophyte Cakile
maritima. Plant and Soil, 262: 179-189.
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Huchzermeyerb, B. & Abdelly, C. (2006) Leaf H+-ATPase activity and
photosynthetic capacity of Cakile maritima under increasing salinity.
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 57 (3):
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California. URL: http://www.cal-ipc.org/ip/management/plant_profiles/Cakile_maritima.php
- Accessed April 2010.
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relation to seedling growth in the genus Cakile. Canadian Journal
of Botany, 67: 2743-2750.
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a disk. Herbiguide, PO Box 44 Albany, Western Australia, 6330.
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sea-rockets (Cakile, Cruciferae) in Australia. Journal of
Biogeography, 13: 159-171.
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patterning in seed plant species. University of California Press, Berkeley.
URL: http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft196n99v8/.
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environmental weeds in Australia. The University of Queensland, Gatton
College.
- Thanos, C.A., Georghiou, K., Douma, D.J. & Marangaki, C.J. (1991)
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of Botany, 68: 469-475.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program (2009) Germplasm Resources
Information Network - (GRIN). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory,
Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx
- Accessed October 2009.