Shrub or tree, 1-8 m high. Fl. white-cream, Jan to Sep. Limestone, clay or loam, brown or grey or white sand. Limestone ridges, coastal cliffs and dunes, salt flats, near salt lakes.
Beard’s Provinces: Eremaean Province, South-West Province.
IBRA Regions: Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Esperance Plains, Geraldton Sandplains, Hampton, Jarrah Forest, Mallee, Nullarbor, Swan Coastal Plain, Warren, Yalgoo.
IBRA Subregions: Avon Wheatbelt P1, Avon Wheatbelt P2, Central band, Nullarbor Plain, Eastern Goldfield, Eastern Mallee, Edel, Fitzgerald, Geraldton Hills, Hampton, Lesueur Sandplain, Mardabilla, Perth, Recherche, Southern Cross, Southern Jarrah Forest, Warren, Western Mallee.
IMCRA Regions: Central West Coast, Eucla, Leeuwin-Naturaliste, WA South Coast.
Local Government Areas (LGAs): Albany, Augusta-Margaret River, Busselton, Capel, Carnamah, Cockburn, Coolgardie, Coorow, Corrigin, Cranbrook, Dalwallinu, Denmark, Dundas, Esperance, Greater Geraldton, Irwin, Jerramungup, Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Kellerberrin, Kent, Kondinin, Kulin, Lake Grace, Mandurah, Manjimup, Melville, Merredin, Mount Marshall, Narembeen, Northampton, Nungarin, Perth, Ravensthorpe, Rockingham, Shark Bay, Stirling, Swan, Trayning, Wanneroo, Waroona, Westonia, Wongan-Ballidu, Yilgarn.
General Biology. Growth form. Shrub/Small Tree. Reproduction. Seed. Dispersal. Wind, water. Vegetative regeneration strategy. Resprouts from base. Seedbank persistence. Short days-1 year. Fire response. Can resprout following fire. Seed is released from woody fruits in the canopy and mass germination occurs in the post fire environmant.
Notes. Has escaped from plantings and become established in bushland outside of its natural range.
Additional information. History of use/introduction. Garden escape, restoration plantings.
Suggested method of management and control. Hand pull seedlings. Cut and paint using 50% glyphosate. Read the manufacturers' labels and material safety data sheets before using herbicides. For further information consult the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority to determine the status of permits for your situation or state.
| Calendar Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowering | Y | Y | Y | O | O | O | O | O | O | O | Y | Y | |
| Fruiting | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Optimum Treatment | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Legend: Y = Yes, regularly, O = Occasionally, U = Uncertain, referred by others but not confirmed.
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Western Australian Herbarium (1998–). FloraBase—the Western Australian Flora. Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/