- Reference
- Trans.Linn.Soc.London 17:442 (1837)
- Conservation Code
- Not threatened
- Naturalised Status
- Alien to Western Australia
- Name Status
- Current
Tree or (conifer), 30-40 m high, monoecious; leaves in threes, 8-15 cm long; cones with numerous scales; seeds winged. Fl. Sep to Oct. Near plantations.
Distribution
- IBRA Regions
- Avon Wheatbelt, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain, Warren.
- IBRA Subregions
- Katanning, Perth, Southern Jarrah Forest, Warren.
- Local Government Areas (LGAs)
- Augusta Margaret River, Bridgetown-Greenbushes, Cockburn, Manjimup, Woodanilling.
Management Notes (for the Swan NRM Region)
Alternative Names. Monterey pine.
General Biology. Growth form. Tree. Reproduction. Seed. Dispersal. Wind, birds, water. Time to first flowering. 5+ years. Vegetative regeneration strategy. Does not resprout or produce root suckers. Woody structure. Non porous. Seedbank persistence. Short, days - 1 year. Fire response. Hot fire will kill mature trees, cooler fire will only kill younger trees. Following fire seed is released from cones and mass germination occurs in the post fire environment.
Additional information. Origin. North America (California), north-western Mexico. History of use/introduction. Commercial plantations.
Suggested method of management and control. Hand pull or dig out seedlings ensuring removal of main root. Fell mature plants below any branches. Monitor site for seedling recruitment. Read the manufacturers' labels and material safety data sheets before using herbicides. For further information consult the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority to determine the status of permits for your situation or state.
Management Calendar
| Calendar Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowering | Y | Y | |||||||||||
| Fruiting | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Germination | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||||
| Optimum Treatment | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Legend: Y = Yes, regularly, O = Occasionally, U = Uncertain, referred by others but not confirmed.
References
- Brown, K. & Brooks, K. (2002) Bushland Weeds: A Practical Guide to their Management. Environmental Weeds Action Network, Greenwood.
- Cope, A.B. (1993) Pinus radiata. In U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (2002, April). Fire Effects Information System. URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ - Accessed December 2007.
- Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Dodd, J., Lloyd, S.G. & Cousens, R.D. (2007) Western Weeds. A guide to the weeds of Western Australia. 2nd Edition. The Plant Protection Society of Western Australia, Victoria Park.
- Muyt, A. (2001) Bush invaders of South-East Australia: A guide to the identification and control of environmental weeds found in South-East Australia. R.G. & F.J. Richardson, Melbourne.
- Navie, S. & Adkins, S. (2008) Environmental Weeds of Australia, An interactive identification and information resource for over 1000 invasive plants. Centre for Biological Information Technology, The University of Queensland.
- Paczkowska, G. & Chapman, A.R. (2000) The Western Australian flora: A descriptive catalogue. Western Australian Wildflower Society (Inc.), Western Australian Herbarium and Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, Perth.